Weakening Vital Signs for Trans Fats

Contact: Dr. Pam Duitsman, nutrition and health specialist
Headquartered in Greene County
Tel: (417) 881-8909
E-mail: duitsmanp@missouri.edu

SPRINGFIELD, Mo. -- Partially hydrogenated fats, also known as trans fats or oils, may be eliminated in processed foods by steps being taken now by the Food and Drug Administration according to Dr. Pam Duitsman, a nutrition and health education specialist with University of Missouri Extension.

The FDA has directed that these artificial trans fats be taken from the “generally recognized as safe” (GRAS) list of approved food additives. As a result, these fats will not be able to be used in food products following a waiting period and finalization of the initiative.

FDA’s determination that artificial trans fats are not safe to use in foods came on Nov. 9, 2013, with a set comment period that has now been extended to March 8, 2014.

According to Duitsman, trans fats are strongly linked to the development of cardiovascular disease. They raise LDL, which most Americans know as “bad” cholesterol, and lower HDL, known as “good” cholesterol. Additional reports indicate that these fats contribute to obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes.

“Trans fats have also been shown to contribute to certain types of cancer, have adverse effects on cell membranes and the immune system, and promote inflammation and aging. Trans fat is considered the worst type of fat for health,” said Duitsman.

The institute of medicine has concluded that trans fat does not provide any known health benefit, and more importantly, there is no safe level of consumption for trans fat.

“Though we have known for some time that trans fats were harmful, they have continued to be pervasive in many processed foods. According to FDA Commissioner Dr. Margaret Hamburg, eliminating trans fats could prevent an additional 2,000 heart attacks and 7,000 deaths from cardiovascular disease each year,” said Duitsman.

Artificial trans fats have been used widely by food manufacturers to extend shelf life. As of Jan. 1, 2006, FDA has required that all packaged food, including dietary supplements, must list the amount of trans fat on the Nutrition facts label.

“There is a very important caveat. In the U.S., if a food has less than 500 mg per serving, the manufacturer can list the level of trans fat as zero. Of course, by eating multiple servings, a significant amount of trans fats can be consumed,” said Duitsman.

This means consumers have been forced to read the “fine print” of the ingredient list, to determine if any trans fats are present in their foods. If the list says “partially hydrogenated”, trans fats are present.

These harmful fats are often found in foods like: cookies, crackers, cakes, muffins, pie crusts, pizza dough, some breads, hard margarine, vegetable shortening, pre-mixed products (cake mix, pancake mix, chocolate drink mix), fried foods, and snack foods (potato, corn and tortilla chips; candy; packaged or microwave popcorn).

“Even if you are conscientious and read the fine print on every label, you can easily ingest a significant amount of trans fats without knowing it simply by eating out, eating a slice of birthday cake offered to you, or sampling a treat at office snack day,” said Duitsman. “This is why the FDA ruling is so important. From a nutrition perspective, these fats need to be eliminated from our foods completely.”

Duitsman recommends that until artificial trans fats are eliminated from the food supply, it is important to protect yourself by scrupulously reading nutrition and ingredient labels.

“In restaurants, avoid items that may be made from these fats, such as fried foods and baked goods, unless you know that the restaurant has eliminated trans fats in their recipes,” said Duitsman. “Better yet, choose to eat whole, natural, real food – which will never contain artificial trans fats. Include a variety of whole foods each day, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes. Low-fat dairy, lean meats and fish can also be healthy choices.”

For more information on nutrition contact one of the following nutrition specialists: Dr. Lydia Kaume in Barton County, (417) 682-3579; Dr. Pam Duitsman, in Greene County, (417) 881-8909; or Cammie Younger in Texas County, (417) 967-4545. Information is also available online http://extension.missouri.edu.
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What the Affordable Care Act Means for Small Businesses

Contact: Chrystal Irons, business development specialist
Headquartered at the Taney County Extension Center
Tel: (417) 546-4431
E-mail: ironsc@missouri.edu

FORSYTH, Mo. -- The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is the most sweeping health-policy change since Medicare was established in 1965.  Due to the tremendous controversy over the law, many business owners find it difficult to understand how the law will impact their business as they attempt to sort out the myths and misinformation.

“How the ACA will affect your business depends largely on how large your workforce is,” said Chrystal Irons, business development specialist, University of Missouri Extension.

The first step to understanding how the ACA will affect your business is to determine whether you are a large or small employer. A large employer has 50 or more full-time equivalent (FTE) employees. A small employer has less than 50 FTEs.

When determining employer size you must add the number of full-time employees to the number of full time equivalent employees.  For ACA purposes a full time employee is any employee working 30 or more hours per week or 130 hours in a given month.  Full time equivalent employees are a combination of employees who are not full-time, but added together, are the equivalent of a full-time employee.

A business with no employees will fall under the individual mandate requiring health insurance coverage for at least three months out of the year, an exception, or be subject to an individual shared responsibility payment.

Small employers, those with less than 50 full time equivalent employees are NOT required to offer health insurance to their employees. Those who choose to offer coverage will now have access to the new Health Insurance Marketplaces.

The small business marketplace is called the Small Business Health Options Program, or the SHOP.  The Marketplace will give small employers and their employees’ access to health insurance plans that must include a package of essential health benefits, like coverage for doctor visits, preventive care, hospitalization and prescriptions.

“SHOP is now open for small employers to apply via a paper application.  There is no online registration available at this time.  Businesses can contact local insurance agents or brokers who are licensed to do business with the SHOP,” said Irons.

Some small employers, those with 24 or fewer employees, may be eligible for the Small Business Health Care Tax Credit. Lawmakers included the Small Business Health Care Tax Credit in the health care law to make coverage more affordable.

To be eligible for the tax credit, the employer must have an average annual wage of $50,000 or less, and they must contribute at least 50 percent toward the employee-only insurance premium cost. The credit is on a sliding scale where the number of FTEs and the average annual wage limitations will separately reduce your credit.

“Business owners are encouraged to work closely with their tax professional to take advantage of this opportunity,” said Irons.

Large employers, those with 50 or more full time equivalent employees; must provide health insurance for their full-time employees or pay a per month “employer shared responsibility payment” on their federal tax returns. The penalties will begin in 2015. The fee is based on whether or not the employer offered affordable health insurance to employees that provided minimum value.

“It is time for small business owners to educate themselves about the law so they can make decisions in the best interest of their employees and their bottom line,” said Irons.

The University of Missouri Extension and the Missouri Small Business and Technology Development Centers are available to help both individuals and small business owners obtain the education they need to make informed health care decisions.  For a list of local workshops to learn more please visit online at http://extension.missouri.edu/insure/families.aspx.
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Missouri Blueberry School Conference set for Feb. 21-22 in Springfield

Contact: Patrick Byers, horticulture specialist
Headquartered in Greene County
Tel: (417) 881-8909
E-mail: byerspl@missouri.edu

SPRINGFIELD, Mo. – Spotted wing drosophila (SWD) is poised to challenge Missouri blueberry growers in 2014.

This invasive fruit fly will be the subject of the keynote address at this year’s Missouri Blueberry School conference, Feb. 21-22 on the Missouri State University campus in Springfield.

“Blueberry production offers good potential for Missouri farmers,” said Patrick Byers, University of Missouri Extension horticulture specialist in Greene County. “But spotted wing drosophila and diseases are challenges that we must address.”

Keynote speaker Hannah Burrack, entomologist at North Carolina State University, will outline SWD biology and history, and help producers develop a management strategy.

Spotted wing drosophila showed up in North America around 2008 and by last year had made its debut in the Show-Me State.

Unlike most fruit flies, SWD attacks healthy, undamaged fruit. The female has a serrated ovipositor that penetrates the unbroken skin of good fruit to lay eggs. This allows the larvae to develop inside the fruit and provides an opening for bacteria, mold and fungi.

Joining Burrack in the SWD discussion will be Jaime Pinero, state integrated pest management specialist for Lincoln University, who will provide a Missouri perspective on the issue.

Other topics will include soil health management, preserving blueberry fruit by flash freezing, the Food Safety Modernization Act and its implications for Missouri blueberry producers, disease identification and diagnostic techniques, and updates on the 2014 Small Fruit and Grape Spray Guide.

The second day of the conference, Feb. 22, will include visits to area blueberry farms for hands-on demonstrations of blueberry management.

Registration for the two-day 2014 Missouri Blueberry School is $50 per person ($35 for each additional person from the same family or farm) and includes educational materials and a spotted wing drosophila monitoring trap (one per farm or family).

For a registration packet, contact Kelly McGowan at 417-881-8909 or McGowanK@missouri.edu, or register online at http://extension.missouri.edu/blueberry/registration.aspx.

For more information about the conference, go to http://extension.missouri.edu/blueberry or contact Patrick Byers at 417-881-8909 or ByersPL@missouri.edu.

Established in 2011, the Missouri Blueberry School is a collaboration of University of Missouri, Missouri State University and Lincoln University. Calling on the expertise of blueberry experts in Missouri and around the country, the Missouri Blueberry School presents accurate, timely and relevant information through conferences, on-farm workshops, individual consultations and support services.
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Make Valentine’s Day Healthier: Give Dark Chocolate

Contact: Dr. Pam Duitsman, nutrition and health specialist
Headquartered in Greene County
Tel: (417) 881-8909
E-mail: duitsmanp@missouri.edu

SPRINGFIELD, Mo. -- Studies continue to show the remarkable health benefits of dark chocolate according to Dr. Pam Duitsman, a nutrition and health education specialist with University of Missouri Extension.

“Made from cocoa, this treat is loaded with health-promoting compounds that function as powerful antioxidants.  In fact, dark chocolate has been shown to contain more antioxidant activity than several well-known super fruits like blueberries and Acai berries,” said Duitsman.

Studies show that dark chocolate may improve blood flow, improve insulin resistance, lower blood pressure, raise “good” HDL cholesterol, lower “bad” LDL cholesterol, and protect LDL from unhealthy oxidation.

“Additional observational studies have shown dark chocolate consumption is associated with an overall lower risk for cardiovascular disease,” said Duitsman.

In addition to blood sugar and cardio-vascular benefits, human studies indicate the consumption of dark chocolate benefits human skin.  For instance, cocoa consumers were shown to have a decrease in skin roughness and scaling, improved dermal blood circulation, and better “cosmetic” skin surface and hydration.

The flavonoid compounds that are high in cocoa and dark chocolate have also been associated with protection of brain function.  Specifically, the compounds appear to increase blood flow to gray matter, improve cognitive function, and help maintain cognitive health.  Other benefits include improvements to our mood, as brain serotonin and endorphin levels are boosted.

“Chocolate is rich in compounds called flavonoids which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-clotting properties,” said Duitsman. “The more cocoa flavonoids in the chocolate, the better it is for your health. Just be warned, the more cocoa flavonoids in the chocolate, the more bitter your bite will be.”

The fact that dark chocolate (with 70% or higher cocoa content) can provide significant health benefits is a great Valentine’s Day reminder.

“Dark chocolate also contains sugar and fat, so it is best consumed in moderation.    An ounce a few times a week can be consumed without guilt.  Take your time and savor the flavor and the benefits to your health,” said Duitsman.

For more information on nutrition contact one of the following nutrition specialists: Dr. Lydia Kaume in Barton County, (417) 682-3579; Dr. Pam Duitsman, in Greene County, (417) 881-8909; or Cammie Younger in Texas County, (417) 967-4545. Information is also available online http://extension.missouri.edu.
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Registration Open for EXCEL Leadership Training Program in Howell County Kicks off Feb. 20

Contact: Dr. Amy Patillo, 4-H youth development specialist
Headquartered in Howell County
Tel: (417) 256-2391
E-mail: patilloa@missouri.edu

WEST PLAINS, Mo. -- EXCEL 2014 is a program offered by University of Missouri Extension in Howell County that offers citizens an opportunity to develop personal and community leadership skills.

EXCEL kicks off on Feb. 20 with a “Get to Know EXCEL and Extension” session and a weekend retreat that will be held Feb. 28 to March 2.

Following the retreat will be six classroom sessions and two study tours within Howell County. The infrastructure and scope of business, industry, and community services will be reviewed in West Plains, Mt. View, and Willow Springs.

The regular class sessions will be held weekly from 11 a.m. – 1:30 p.m. at the MU Extension Center in West Plains. There will be presentations and interactive discussions focusing on Ozarks Culture, Demographics and Economic Development, A Framework for Understanding Poverty, Agriculture Trends and Realities, Education Concerns, and Challenges and Opportunities.

Class participants will be challenged to develop action strategies to address issues identified in the sessions. Speakers for the course come from the University of Missouri, Missouri State University, state agencies, and local communities.

The EXCEL program (Experience in Community, Entrepreneurship, and Leadership), was initiated in 1991. Since then more than 300 Howell and Oregon county citizens have completed the class according to Dr. Amy Patillo, a 4-H youth development specialist with University of Missouri Extension and coordinator for EXCEL.

“Past participants who were new to the area report their EXCEL experience was a valuable way to learn about the area and to become acquainted with agencies, organizations and individuals. Those participants who were natives of the area said their experience gave them new perspectives on the county and communities, expanded their contact base and built friendships to enhance their lives professionally and personally,” said Patillo.

The West Plains Chamber of Commerce co-sponsors this event. Support also provided by West Plains Bank, Mountain View Schools, Willow Springs Schools, City of West Plains and the Chamber of Commerce in Mt. View.

Registration is now open for enrollment, and is due by Feb. 12. For further information about the course, or to request an enrollment form, contact the University of Missouri Extension Center in Howell County at 417-256-2391, or by e-mail: patilloa@missouri.edu.
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Forage Meeting set for Feb. 11 in Stockton; Pre-Registration is Needed by Feb. 10

Contact: Patrick Davis, livestock specialist
Headquartered in Cedar County
Tel: 417-276-3313
E-mail: Davismp@missouri.edu

STOCKTON, Mo. – Forage meeting will be held at 7 p.m. Tuesday, Feb. 11 at the Stockton Christian Church, 703 W Street, Stockton.

“This meeting is designed to educate farmers on strategies to improve their pastures for grazing and or hay production,” said Dr. Patrick Davis, livestock specialist in Cedar County with University of Missouri Extension.

There are two keynote speakers for this year’s meeting. Travis Harper, an agronomy specialist with University of Missouri Extension in Henry County, will present: “Soil Fertility, Weed, and Brush Control.” Jill Scheidt, an agronomy specialist for University of Missouri Extension in Barton County will present: “Adding Forage Variety to Pastures to Improve Pasture and Grazing Quality.”

Refreshments will be available at the meeting. Meeting cost is $10 per person and pre-registration is needed by Feb. 10.

To pre – register for the meeting, or if you have questions about the meeting, contact the Cedar County University of Missouri Extension Center at (417) 276 – 3313 or contact Davis by email at davismp@missouri.edu. Registrations and payments can also be mailed to 113 S Street, Stockton, Mo 65785.

University of Missouri Extension improves people’s lives through relevant, responsive and reliable research-based education from University of Missouri. MU Extension programs are open to all.
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“Beekeeping Class” in West Plains Feb. 11 and 13

Contact: Dr. Amy Patillo, 4-H youth development specialist
Headquartered in Howell County
Tel: (417) 256-2391
E-mail: patilloa@missouri.edu

WEST PLAINS, Mo. -- University of Missouri Extension in Howell County will be conducting a “Beekeeping Class” from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m., Feb. 11 and Feb. 13 at Hirsch Feed and Farm Supply in West Plains.

Pre-registration is required by Feb. 7 and can be done in person at the Howell County Extension Office or by calling 417-256-2391. The course fee is $55 per person. Participants will receive a class book and the book “First Lessons in Bee Keeping.”

Class participants will learn about equipment, sources of bees, and how and when to start hives according to Amy Patillo, 4-H youth development specialist with MU Extension and coordinator of the class.

“Now is the time to think about keeping bees this year. Beekeeping requires advanced planning, education and preparation. Most people come to the class interested in bees, want to learn how bees fit into the world, and to learn what it takes to be a beekeeper,” said Patillo.

People with a wide range of experience and interests are welcome in the class. Attendees can include those who are new to honey bees, individuals who are looking to start a new hobby, and beekeepers who want to update and refine their knowledge.

“MU Extension in Howell County offers beekeeping classes to help build a network of beekeepers that continue to grow. These are people who want to learn about the importance of beekeeping, to teach the importance of bees to our community and to help those interested in knowing more about beekeeping learn to help support honey bees,” said Patillo.

University of Missouri Extension improves people’s lives through relevant, responsive and reliable research-based education from University of Missouri. MU Extension programs are open to all.
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“Guiding Conflict Resolution in the Workplace” workshop to be held in Branson Feb. 14

Contact: Chrystal Irons, business development specialist
Or Nellie Lamers, family financial education specialist
Taney County Extension
Tel: (417) 546-4431
Email: taneycountysbtdc@missouri.edu

BRANSON, Mo. -- University of Missouri Extension, Taney County SBTDC and Missouri Training Institute are excited to offer a “Guiding Conflict Resolution in the Workplace” class from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Friday, Feb. 14, 2014 at Hawthorn Bank, 4675 N Gretna Rd, Branson.

This workshop is targeted toward small business owners, managers and employees who want to foster healthy conflict to promote creativity, innovation and improved team performance.

Family financial education specialist, Nellie Lamers, with University of Missouri Extension will be facilitating this information packed small business workshop.

Participants will learn to recognize the progressive stages of conflict; identify their own conflict management style; explore how to become more versatile in conflict management; learn to communicate effectively in tense situations; and explore a six-step process for working through conflict in a more collaborative way.

“When conflict escalates, it can cause serious problems for businesses. Often, it decreases morale, causes rework, and is detrimental to overall employee productivity.  This workshop is a great opportunity to learn how to promote healthy conflict, keep disruptive conflict to a minimum, and identify strategies to more effectively work toward conflict resolution when it does arise." said Chrystal Irons, business development specialist, University of Missouri Extension.

The cost to attend the workshop is $185.  Advanced registration is requested and can be done by calling (417) 546-4431 or emailing taneyco@missouri.edu.

This program is funded in part through a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Small Business Administration.  All opinions, conclusions or recommendations expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the SBA.  Programs are extended to the public on a non-discriminatory basis.  Reasonable accommodations for person with disabilities will be made if requested at least two weeks in advance.

University of Missouri Extension programs focus on the high-priority needs of Missourians. Each county extension center, with oversight by locally elected and appointed citizens, is your local link to practical education on almost anything.

Safety Course and Commercial Gardening Seminar Feb. 24

Contact: Wesley Tucker, agriculture business specialist
Headquartered in Polk County
Tel: (417) 326-4916
E-mail: tuckerw@missouri.edu

BOLIVAR, Mo. – A “Food Safety Course” given by the University of Missouri Extension and public health personnel will discuss growing and preparing food for public sale and consumption using current safety requirements. This course is required by many outlets and desired by most. Following, a Commercial Gardening Seminar will be held on the business and economic aspects of starting a business in growing and selling produce.

A “Commercial Garden Economics Roundtable” will follow lunch. The discussion will highlight financial opportunities in establishing a food business like current production techniques, and marketing your produce with local farmers markets, grocery outlets and local restaurants.

The course starts at 8:30 a.m. on Feb. 24 at the Polk County Library. The cost for the course is $25 per person and that includes lunch. Due to limited seating, pre-registration is recommended and can be done by calling the Polk County Extension Center at (417) 326-4916, emailing Polkco@missouri.edu or visiting Extension online at http://extension.missouri.edu/polk.

“Fruit and vegetable growers, educators, cooks, food handlers, food retailers, produce trade association personnel and food entrepreneurs you are invited to participate,” said Wesley Tucker, county program director for Polk County Extension.

The program is sponsored by the Polk County Master Gardeners, University of Missouri Extension and the Missouri Department of Health.
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No other Greene County Office ...

Contact: David Burton, civic communication specialist
County Program Director - Greene County
Tel: (417) 881-8909
E-mail: burtond@missouri.edu

University of Missouri Extension is governed at the local level by county extension councils. These local governing bodies are established in Missouri state law as a function of county government. (Revised Statutes of Missouri Sections 262:550 to 262:620: County Extension Programs)

Greene County Extension provides unique and important services to the residents of this county on behalf of the County Commission. In Greene County, Missouri, no other county office or department...

• does soil samples.
• offers a lawn and gardening hotline.
• offers Master Gardener Training.
• helps local greenhouses and produce growers become more profitable and sustainable.
• provides community education which increases the sale of plants and lawn and garden supplies.
• offers a 4-H program for youth.
• helps county youth become community leaders.
• offers a Master Naturalists program for people who love the outdoors.
• offers leadership training.
• conducts community planning and visioning for Missouri communities.
• offers community programs on business writing and news writing.
• offers nutrition education to so many different audiences including students and low-income families.
• provides education and training for local food producers.
• provides leadership in helping develop local food systems to make better use of local resources.
• is engaged in collecting the oral histories of former one-room school students and teachers.
• has a publicly elected governing council that oversees its programs and finances.
• provides meeting facilitation and moderator services.
• raises over 80 percent of its operations budget privately.
• helped start four small businesses in the county during 2013.
• helped save 1158 jobs and helped create 81 jobs in the county.
• provides on-the-farm education to help farmers be more profitable.
• is the preferred provider for agriculture education in the community (with long-standing events like the Soils & Crops Conference, private pesticide applicator training, and Century Farms)
• educates the public with guide sheets, publications and newsletters dealing with health and family issues but also topics important to the county, like musk thistle
• takes calls from citizens and answers the questions that other county departments can not.

Check out Greene County Extension online at http://extension.missouri.edu/greene

For even more examples, the Greene County Extension Council’s 2013 Annual Report can be purchased online at https://www.createspace.com/4612474 or at Amazon.com.

Greene County Extension Council Election Results

Contact: David Burton, civic communication specialist
County Program Director - Greene County
Tel: (417) 881-8909
E-mail: burtond@missouri.edu

SPRINGFIELD, Mo. – The citizens of Greene County have elected eight new members to the University of Missouri Extension Council for Greene County. The final day of the election was Jan. 24, 2014 according to David Burton, county program director for Greene County Extension.

These eight new council members will serve a two year term on the council: Harold Bender, Springfield; Albert (Earl) Niewald, Springfield; Katie Steinhoff, Springfield; Kip Thompson, Springfield; Nancy Williams, Springfield; Parrish Witt, Bois D’Arc; Jan Wooten, Rogersville; and Tamara vonFoerster, Rogersville.

Detailed candidate biographies can be found online at http://extension.missouri.edu/greene.

“County Extension Council elections are held pursuant to the provisions of Sec. 262-577, R. S. Mo. 1969 in Missouri State Law. The elected and appointed members of the county extension council guide and direct extension work within the county,” said Burton.

Greene County residents can benefit from the economically sound advice and unbiased, research-based information and education available from University of Missouri Extension programs in Greene County. Specialists with MU Extension offer educational programs that make lifelong learning fun and help people help themselves.

More information is available at http://extension.missouri.edu/greene or by calling the MU Extension office in Greene County at (417) 881-8909.
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Reducing Inflammation and Feeling Better Could be as Close as Your Next Meal

Contact: Dr. Pam Duitsman, nutrition and health specialist
Headquartered in Greene County
Tel: (417) 881-8909
E-mail: duitsmanp@missouri.edu

SPRINGFIELD, Mo. -- Science continues to expose connections between our food choices, inflammation, and the incidence of chronic diseases like arthritis.

“Out of control inflammation leads to worsening arthritis conditions, poor health, and the risk of many types of chronic diseases, cardiovascular disease and cancers,” said Dr. Pam Duitsman, nutrition and health education specialist with University of Missouri Extension.

According to Duitsman, what we choose to eat can have a profound effect on inflammation – by either promoting or diminishing our risk of diseases.

WHAT IS INFLAMATION?

Inflammation can be divided into two categories: acute inflammation and chronic inflammation.

Acute inflammation is a natural part of our immune defense, and it generally lasts from seconds to days. Normally, inflammation is tightly controlled by the body. However, in chronic inflammation, the inflammatory process goes awry.

“The same biological inflammatory responses can be set in motion even when there is not a legitimate threat to the body. Instead of healing and clearing over a period of days, the inflammatory process can get stuck. As the process continues, harmful compounds are released that can worsen our symptoms, and increase our risk for chronic diseases,” said Duitsman.

OMEGA 6 AND 3

Considerable research has accumulated over the last decade regarding how components of the foods we eat become integrated into our cells and influence inflammation and our health.

Fats and carbohydrates are the two leading categories of food that influence inflammation.

“There are two types of essential fats – Omega 6 and Omega 3. They are essential because we must consume them – we cannot make them ourselves,” said Duitsman.

It is vital that humans have a proper ratio of omega 3 and omega 6, because omega 3 fats help to reduce inflammation, and most omega 6 fats tend to promote inflammation. A typical American consumes about 14 - 25 times more omega 6 fats than omega 3 fat. This is much too high on the omega 6 side according to Duitsman.

Omega 3 fats are essential for healthy growth and development. They have been shown to reduce the risk of many chronic diseases. They are essential for proper brain function, and have been shown to be key players in protecting memory, performance of the brain and behavioral function.

In our bodies, omega 3 fats compete with omega 6 for the same enzymes and pathways. If our omega 6 intake is much higher than omega 3, the biological cascades initiated at the cellular level will be pro-inflammatory.

“Compounds elicited by the omega 3 fats block the same inflammatory pathways as aspirin and some other anti-inflammatory medications commonly used to fight arthritis pain,” said Duitsman.

Symptoms of not getting enough omega 3 can include: stiff, sore and swollen joints; fatigue; poor memory; dry skin; heart problems; mood swings or depression; and poor circulation.

EATING TIPS

Eat plenty of anti-inflammatory omega 3 fatty acids. They are present in wild salmon and other cold-water fish, freshly ground flaxseeds, omega 3 fortified eggs and walnuts. Fish oil supplements also contain omega 3 fats.

Use canola oil (expeller-pressed is best) and extra virgin olive oil (EVO) as your primary cooking oils. Both have anti-inflammatory properties.

Duitsman recommends limiting fats that promote inflammation. These include polyunsaturated vegetable oils (such as safflower and corn oils) and strictly avoid the partially hydrogenated oils (trans fats) found in many margarines, snack and convenience foods, and vegetable shortenings. These increase inflammation.

Many spices have anti-inflammatory effects. Two with a lot of research evidence include Ginger and Turmeric. Ginger has been shown to decrease osteoarthritis pain. Turmeric seems to help arthritis by suppressing inflammatory processes in the body. Both are also delicious when added to various foods.

CARBS WE EAT

“Scientific journals continue to report research linking inflammation to processed foods and other high-glycemic carbohydrates. Combat this effect by eating plenty of whole fruits and vegetables from all parts of the color spectrum along with whole grains,” said Duitsman.

Many phytochemicals have been shown to protect against the aging process, including aging of the joints. In contrast, refined products offer little nutrition, and promote metabolic pathways that encourage inflammation and favor diabetes, weight gain, heart disease, cancer, arthritis, and a host of other chronic diseases.

“Many whole, natural foods provide us the nutrition we need to promote good health and prevent disease. The key to health and your solution to pain may be in choosing your next meal,” said Duitsman.

MORE INFORMATION

For more information on nutrition contact one of the following nutrition specialists: Dr. Lydia Kaume in Barton County, (417) 682-3579; Dr. Pam Duitsman, in Greene County, (417) 881-8909; or Cammie Younger in Texas County, (417) 967-4545. Information is also available online http://extension.missouri.edu.
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Developing Round Hay Bale Yard Management that Minimizes Waste Saves Money Says Extension Specialist

Contact: Eldon Cole, livestock specialist
Headquartered in Lawrence County
Tel: (417) 466-3102
E-mail: colee@missouri.edu

MT. VERNON, Mo. -- It’s intriguing to observe big round bale yard management on farms in southwest Missouri. “Based on observation, it appears many farmers don’t take into consideration factors impacting the storability of big round bales,” said Eldon Cole, livestock specialist with University of Missouri Extension.

Cole says one factor for farmers as they move the hay from the hay field may be convenience.  That refers to being convenient to store in the summer as well as easy to access for feeding time.

“Sometimes being convenient for the owner may create problems as pranksters may find it convenient for burning or thieves may steal some. Theft was more likely in 2012 when hay was scarce and valuable,” said Cole.

In addition, bale yards need to be on sloping ground that provides for good drainage.  Not every convenient yard will have a slope to it.  Soils in southwest Missouri are rockier which does add to the dryness of the yard.

“If those conditions don’t exist, place the bales on tires, railroad ties, a graveled area, up on some type of object or net wrap them.  These items reduce the wicking effect that is so damaging to the lower portions of the bale,” said Cole.

The bale yard should have bales running in a north-south row.  It is best to leave about three feet between rows of bales for air movement and drying purposes.

“The row of bales should be butted snugly end-to-end.  Do not allow the sides of the bales to touch, again the reason is to reduce the soaking of rain or snow into the bale,” said Cole.

A number of bale yards are located near fence rows under shade trees.  This is also a no-no according to Cole because of the shade and drips from the trees will prevent the bales from drying out sufficiently.

“Once in a while I see stacks of bales two, three or four high that are uncovered.  This is a perfect design for waste.  If the bale yard is small, I understand why you might think this a good idea, but it’s wasteful. Using a tarp or plastic on the top rows will minimize waste,” said Cole.

Since the advent of the big round hay bales in the early 1970’s, a lot of hay has been lost due to outside storage.  Cole says reducing hay crop losses with more thoughtful bale yard management is important and profitable in the long term.

“As you feed hay this winter, plan ahead to hay harvest time and develop a bale yard storage plan that minimizes your waste the next year,” said Cole.

For more information, contact any of the MU Extension livestock specialists in southwest Missouri: Eldon Cole in Mt. Vernon, (417) 466-3102, Andy McCorkill in Dallas County at (417) 345-7551, Dr. Patrick Davis in Cedar County at (417) 276-3313 or Logan Wallace in Howell County at (417) 256-2391.
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PHOTO AVAILABLE: A photo for use with this story is available for download from the regional extension photo library at www.flickr.com/MUExtension417. The direct link for this photo is: http://www.flickr.com/photos/muextension417/12093671283/

Create a Savings Habit During America Saves Week

Contact: Janet LaFon, family financial education specialist
Headquartered in Jasper County
Tel: (417) 358-2158
E-mail: lafonj@missouri.edu

CARTHAGE, Mo. -- February is a great month to make a commitment to saving since Feb. 24 to March 1 is being celebrated nationwide as “America Saves Week.”

“A good place to begin is by creating a savings habit,” said Janet LaFon, a family financial education specialist with University of Missouri Extension.

LaFon says there are several ways to get started, but one to consider is the concept of paying yourself first. This could be through payroll deduction at work, saving a portion of each paycheck or just collecting loose change.

“Saving doesn’t have to mean large amounts of money. Even small amounts can add up,” said LaFon. “For example, saving just 50 cents a day in loose change will add up to about $15 per month or over $180 in a year. The key is to get into a regular habit.”

LaFon offers four simple ideas to help a family save money.

First, save any windfall income. For example, some people are already deciding how to spend their tax refunds. How about saving at least a part of it?

Second, consider breaking a habit that costs money, such as tobacco products, lottery tickets, soft drinks, coffee, videos, or frequent lunches out. “You might be surprised if you added up how much you could save if you broke the habit, or at least cut back,” said LaFon.

Third, take advantage of free or low cost entertainment.

Fourth, save at least part of your next raise. “Most of us never miss money we never had,” said LaFon.

For more ideas on saving, check out these websites: America Saves, http://www.americasaves.org  or Missouri Saves, http://missourifamilies.org/mosaves.
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Prepare Now for a Successful Calving Season

Contact: Patrick Davis, livestock specialist

Headquartered in Cedar County

Tel: 417-276-3313

E-mail: Davismp@missouri.edu

STOCKTON, Mo. – Planning for all possibilities is the best way to prepare for a successful calving season according to Dr. Patrick Davis, livestock specialist, University of Missouri Extension.

“Your goals should be a cow giving birth with little difficulty to a healthy calf, providing adequate quality and quantity of nourishment to the calf and then rebreeding during the next breeding season,” said Davis.

CONDITION AND FEEDING

Cow condition score should be evaluated about 60 days prior to calving according to Davis.

“Cows should calve at a body condition score of six which will allow them the ability to lose one body condition score from calving to breeding and still be at body condition score five which is the optimum body condition score for conception,” said Davis.

A cow body condition score of five or greater will insure proper fetal development, the calf having a strong immune system to fight off sickness and other causes of early mortality.  

Daily supplementation will influence when calves are born.  Previous research in Iowa reported that 85 percent of cows fed once daily at dusk calved between 6 a. m. and 6 p. m.  Late afternoon or early evening feeding cause’s intraruminal pressure to increase at night and decrease during the day which increases the likelihood of daytime birth.  

“This supplementation strategy should begin about one to two weeks before the expected calving time of the herd,” said Davis.

HEALTH AND VACCINATIONS

Cow’s colostrum will pass her health and vaccination status along to the calf.  

“Cows in proper health and up to date on vaccination status will pass along the best immunity possible to the calf which causes the calf to get off to a healthy start,” said Davis.

SUPPLIES AND FACILTIES 

Make sure equipment and facilities are in good working order prior to the calving season.  The calving area should be clean, dry, strong, safe and functioning correctly.  

Develop an obstetrical kit that includes obstetrical sleeves, disinfectant, lubricant, obstetrical chains, and obstetrical handles that are mobile so it can be used in the barn and other places on the farm where cows need assistance during calving.

CALVING AND CALF PROCESSING 

Develop a plan for when the cow is calving.  This should include what to do, who to call if there is trouble, and how to know when there is trouble.  This plan should be posted in the barn along with phone numbers of people to call.

“Once the calf is born make sure that it is healthy, active and nurses to get the full amount of colostrum,” said Davis.

Spring born calves may be born during very cold temperatures which increases the potential for calf frostbite or freezing to death.  It is important to have an area to warm the calf to keep it from freezing to death and reducing the chance of frost bite.

“Once the calf is born monitor health status.  During the first day after birth the calf should be identified either through tag, tattoo or both and bull calves castrated as needed,” said Davis.

MORE INFORMATION

For more information, contact any of the MU Extension livestock specialists in southwest Missouri: Eldon Cole in Mt. Vernon, (417) 466-3102, Andy McCorkill in Dallas County at (417) 345-7551, Dr. Patrick Davis in Cedar County at (417) 276-3313 or Logan Wallace in Howell County at (417) 256-2391.

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U.S. Immigrant Population Increasing Interest in Meat Goats; Various Holidays Impact Marketing of Goat Meat

Contact: Dr. Jodie A. Pennington, region small ruminant educator
Headquartered at Newton County Extension Center, Neosho, Mo.
Tel: (417) 455-9500
E-mail: PenningtonJ@lincolnu.edu

NEOSHO, Mo. -- The preference for goat meat in the U.S. is rapidly increasing according to Dr. Jodie Pennington, small ruminant educator with Lincoln University Extension.

“This increase in consumption is primarily related to a rapidly growing population from traditional goat consuming residents,” said Pennington.

Presently, 16 percent of the U.S. population is Hispanic and 4 percent of the population is Asian. The Hispanic population in the U.S. has grown 5-fold since 1970.

“The Hispanic population should provide a significant consumer base for goat meat products, particularly fresh goat meat served around festivals or significant occasions,” said Pennington.

HISPANIC INTEREST

Since many Hispanics are Christian, and many are Catholic, producers can expect the highest consumption periods of goat meat for Hispanics, especially Mexicans, to be around Christmas, New Years, and Easter according to Pennington.

“With Cinco de Mayo being May 5, it also increases goat meat consumption by Mexicans during the period surrounding Easter,” said Pennington.

For those celebrating the Western or traditional Easter, the ideal goat is a milk-fed kid weighing 30 pounds. For those celebrating the Eastern, Orthodox or Greek Easter (which generally coincides with, or follows, the Western Easter), a slightly larger, 35 pound milk-fed kid is preferred.  However, larger goats are also acceptable but may sell for slightly less per pound.

“The Latino market prefers a suckling kid weighing 20-35 pounds with larger kids preferred for pit barbecuing,” said Pennington.

MUSLIM INTEREST

The U.S. is also experiencing growth in religious groups that prefer goat meat, particularly those of the Muslim/Islam faith.

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar which lasts for 29 or 30 days.  Festival meals take place each night since no food is consumed between sunrise and sunset.

Male or female kids that are less than one year old and weigh 60 pounds are desired, but weaned kids between 45-120 pounds may be acceptable. For the past few years, Ramadan has coincided with September - November, the months when most kids are weaned and sold.

Traditionally, this also is the time when prices fall due to seasonal weaning and increases in numbers sold.  However, for the next few years, Ramadan will be earlier in the calendar year, being on June 28 on 2014 July 20 in 2012 and moving 11 days earlier each year.

“Muslim holidays are based on the lunar calendar which is 11 days less than our traditional solar calendar.  How the movement of Ramadan toward summer and spring months will affect fall goat prices remains to be seen,” said Pennington.
 
The Festival of Sacrifice (Eid al-Adha) is a Muslin market for blemish free yearlings, preferably uncastrated bucks. Large kids weighing 60-100 pounds may be acceptable.  The Festival of Harvest or Sacrifice will be Oct. 4 this year was Oct. 18 this year and a futures date of Sept. 25 in 2015. are Oct. 26, 2012, and Oct. 5, 2013.

SEASONS IMPACT

“Goats tend to be seasonal breeders, coming into heat as daylight shortens from late August to early January.  Most kids are born in late winter to early spring and weaned in the late summer or fall. This creates a market kid shortage during the late winter and early spring months, and over-supplies the market during late summer and fall,” said Pennington.

Easter (the Western or traditional Easter) has the strongest goat meat demand in the U.S. Pennington says market kid and goat meat prices tend to reach their peak just before the Western Easter (March-April), drop significantly during June, continue trending downward through October-November, then begin rising toward the Christmas season (December).

Fresh goat meat shortages force the prices to continue upward until they peak again during the Easter season (March-April).

“How the changing dates of Ramadan and the increased demand for goat meat will affect the best times to market goats remains to be determined.  Yet, producers should plan their marketing strategies around the traditional ethnic holidays—which means marketing two to four weeks before those holidays,” said Pennington.

For more information, contact Pennington at the Newton County Extension Center, (417) 455-9500, or by e-mail at PenningtonJ@lincolnu.edu.
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Crane Dairy Day Scheduled for Feb. 6 in Crane

Contact: Tim Schnakenberg, agronomy specialist

Headquartered in Stone County

Tel: (417) 357-6812

E-mail: schnakenbergc@missouri.edu

GALENA, Mo. -- The Stone County Extension Center will host the 11th annual Crane Dairy Day from 10:30 a.m. to 2 p.m., Thursday, Feb. 6 at the Crane Christian Church Community Center in Crane, Mo.

“The meeting will focus on topics relevant to today’s dairy farmer,” said Tim Schnakenberg, an agronomy specialist with University of Missouri Extension.

Joe Horner, state farm management specialist with MU extension, will discuss the farm bill and provide an estimate of the economic outlook for the dairy industry. 

Dr. Scott Poock, state veterinary specialist with MU extension will discuss how to use milk samples for breeding programs and how to deal with hairy heel warts.

Also planned is a panel of farmers who will discuss their techniques for drying cows off. 

“Dairy farmers will benefit from this meeting because we plan to cover a wide array of current topics in a short time-frame.” said Schnakenberg.

A lunch is provided by the program sponsors: Select Sires Mid-America and Dairy Farmers of America. 

There is no charge to attend but pre-registration is necessary to make adequate arrangements. 

Contact the MU Extension Center in Galena at (417) 357-6812 to preregister by Feb. 3.

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“Small Business Tax Workshop” in Branson Feb. 10

Contact: Chrystal Irons, business development specialist
MU Small Business and Technology Development Center in Taney County
Tel: (417) 546-4431
Email: taneycountysbtdc@missouri.edu

FORSYTH, Mo. -- University of Missouri Extension, Taney County SBTDC, Branson Chamber of Commerce, the Taney County Business Development Partnership and the Whitlock Company are excited to offer a “Small Business Tax Workshop” from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. on Feb. 10 at Stone Castle Hotel and Conference Center, 3050 Green Mountain Drive, Branson.

This workshop was originally scheduled for Tuesday, Feb. 4 but was cancelled due to inclement weather and road conditions.

This workshop targets small business owners, office managers, and entrepreneurs. Certified public accountant, Patricia Stoner Myers, with the Whitlock Company will be facilitating this information packed small business tax workshop.

A broad range of small business tax issues will be discussed including: 2013 tax law changes, tax law extenders expiring 12/31/2013, other important 2014 tax law additions, and ample time for a question and answer session.

"Tax implications for the 2013 and 2014 tax years are on everyone’s mind this time of year. This particular workshop is a great opportunity for small businesses and entrepreneurs to learn about important tax issues, updates and tax planning strategies as we prepare for year-end taxes" said Chrystal Irons, business development specialist, University of Missouri Extension.

The cost to attend the workshop is $25 with an early bird registration fee of $20 if registered by Friday, Jan. 31.  Lunch is included in this fee and advanced registration is requested.  To receive additional information call (417) 546-4431 or email taneycountysbtdc@missouri.edu.  Participants can register for the workshop by contacting the Branson Chamber of Commerce at 417-334-4084 or esutliff@bransoncvb.com.

This program is funded in part through a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Small Business Administration.  All opinions, conclusions or recommendations expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the SVA.  Programs are extended to the public on a non-discriminatory basis.  Reasonable accommodations for person with disabilities will be made if requested at least two weeks in advance.

University of Missouri Extension programs focus on the high-priority needs of Missourians. Each county extension center, with oversight by locally elected and appointed citizens, is your local link to practical education on almost anything.
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Results of Taney County Extension Council Election Announced

Contact: Chrystal Irons, business development specialist

Headquartered at the Taney County Extension Center

Tel: (417) 546-4431

E-mail: ironsc@missouri.edu

FORSYTH, Mo. – Chrystal Irons, county program director for University of Missouri Extension in Taney County, says the results are in for the 2014 Taney County election.

A total of nine individuals were elected to serve two terms on the county extension council following a weekly long public election (held Jan. 13 to Jan. 19).

Eastern District:  Leroy Adams – Forsyth, Peter C. Frantzen – Forsyth, Waunetta Howard – Walnut Shade, Angela Leist – Walnut Shade, Theresa J. Socha – Saddlebrook.

Western District: Webb Edwards – Branson, Jeremy Rasnick – Point Lookout, Ryan Sanders – Hollister, Peter D. Tsahiridis – Branson.

Council members are responsible for carrying out four main duties: working with extension specialist to provide educational programs to county residents, overseeing the finances of local extension operations, providing personnel to carry out extension activities, electing and organizing the local extension council.

MU Extension’s distinct land grant mission is to improve lives, communities and economies by producing relevant, reliable and responsive educational strategies that enhance access to the resources and research of the University of Missouri.  Educational needs determined in each county help determine local extension programming.

The first meeting for the new council is scheduled for Tuesday, March 4, 2014.

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Public Meeting of Regional Extension Council in Springfield on Jan. 28

Jay Chism, director of Southwest Region
3003 E. Chestnut Expressway, Suite 200, Springfield, Mo.
Tel: (417) 865-0707
E-mail: chismj@missouri.edu

SPRINGFIELD, Mo. -- The Southwest Region Extension Council will meet at 6:30 p.m. on Tuesday, Jan. 28 inside the Springfield-Greene County Botanical Center, 2400 S. Scenic Ave., Springfield, Mo. The business meeting begins with a meal and business gets underway at 7 p.m.

Dave Hedrick from the University of Missouri Fire and Rescue Training Institute will be the evening’s featured speaker according to Jay Chism, director of the Southwest Region.

Regional Extension Council meetings are open to the public; but due to limited space, advance registration is necessary by calling the regional extension office at (417) 865-0707.

The regional extension council for southwest Missouri is comprised of representatives from each of the 16 extension county councils in the Southwest Region. Each county council, whose members are elected by a public vote, selects its own representatives to the regional council where each county has one vote.

The purpose of regional extension councils is to be a forum through which member county councils cooperate in providing effective educational programs for the region.
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Regional Extension videos on YouTube

Check out the many educational and information videos available from University of Missouri Extension specialists in southwest Missouri on our YouTube channel.

Visit www.youtube.com/MUExtension417

Farm Management Course for Women Starts March 3, in Springfield; Pre-Registration Needed for Annie’s Project

Contact: Gordon Carriker, agriculture business specialist
Headquartered in Christian County
Tel: (417) 581-3558
E-mail: carrikerg@missouri.edu

SPRINGFIELD, Mo. -- A series of farm management courses designed just for women – known as Annie’s Project –will be offered at the University of Missouri Extension Center in Greene county starting March 3, 2014.

“The course should be of particular interest to women who want to learn how to run a farm as a business,” said Dr. Gordon Carriker, an agriculture business specialist with MU Extension and coordinator of the class. “But, it is also good for those that want to do a better job of marketing or need to learn how to pass the farm on to the next generation.”

The Annie’s Project course includes six evening classes, each on Mondays (March 3, 10, 17, 24, and April 7, 14).  The classes will be held from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at the Springfield-Greene County Botanical Center, 2400 S. Scenic Ave, in Springfield, Mo.

Class size will be limited to the first 25 women who register to ensure sufficient group interaction and one-on-one assistance. To register, contact the Greene County Extension Center at 417-881-8909 or greeneco@missouri.edu. A registration flyer is also available online at http://extension.missouri.edu/greene.

ANNIE’S PROJECT

Annie’s Project began with a farm wife who grew up in northern Illinois. She spent her life learning how to be an involved business partner with her husband. This course takes Annie’s experience and shares it with farm women so they can be better business partners.

According to Carriker, agriculture business specialist with University of Missouri Extension, the course provides mentoring for farm women with varying levels of business skills.

“Women who are new to a farm business may be afraid to ask questions. Women who are accustomed to the farm business may feel helpless with new technologies. A program like this gets those two groups together and collectively finds solutions,” said Carriker.

The goal is to empower farm women and help them make better management decisions through networking and by using critical financial information.  The course is to provide mentoring for farm women with varying levels of business skills.

COURSE TOPICS

Course topics will include:  learning to communicate and work with each of the four basic personality types, economics of land ownership, farm record keeping and taxes, business plans, pasture rental contracts, how property is titled, insurance needs, financial statements, retirement and estate planning, farm succession planning for the next generation, using computers and the internet on the farm, understanding Missouri fence laws, livestock marketing and risk management, keys to being a profitable livestock producer, and  more.

The course will be taught by MU Extension specialists and special guest speakers.
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Feb. 1 Free Seminar in Nixa Looks at Invasives in the Landscape and Heirlooms on the Table

Contact: Dr. Gordon Carriker, agriculture business specialist
Headquartered in Christian County
Tel: (417) 581-3558
E-mail: carrikerg@missouri.edu

Written by Jennifer Ailor

OZARK, Mo. -- Gardeners can learn for free about invasive species invading gardens and landscapes and tempting heirloom vegetables for the table at the “Invasives and Heirlooms” seminar sponsored by Christian County Master Gardeners from 1p.m. – 4 p.m., Saturday, Feb. 1, at the Nixa Community Center, 701 N. Taylor Way, Nixa.

Members of the public can register to attend the free seminar at the University of Missouri Extension office in Ozark, 581-3558.

The seminar will open with a presentation on “Invasive ‘Alien’ Species” by Rhonda Rimer, natural history biologist with the Missouri Department of Conservation. She will cover common invasive plants in the southwest Missouri landscape, why they are a problem and how to eradicate them.

Rimer’s work involves cataloguing and inventorying high-quality natural communities in prairies, woodlands, streams, cavesas well as rare plants and animals. Her work in managing and restoring natural communities includes getting rid of invasive species.

The second presentation will be “Heirloom Vegetables for Your Table” by Mike Nocks with White Harvest Seed Co., Hartville. He will compare heirlooms to hybrids and genetically modified organisms, discuss tips on planting and growing heirlooms and explain seed-saving techniques.

Nocks is the owner of White Harvest Seed Co., which was founded in 2010. He and his family live a self-sustaining lifestyle, raising their own animals and gardens for food, living off the electric grid and using water pumped from an Amish-made windmill.

Refreshments will be available at the seminar.

Christian County Master Gardeners will present two additional free public seminars in 2014. The May 17 seminar in the demonstration garden at the Ozark Community Center will cover planting the kitchen garden and a demonstration of preparing vegetables from the garden for a meal. The Sept. 6 seminar will address safe and effective products for pest and disease control, as well as tree health.

To become a Master Gardener, contact Dr. Gordon Carriker, MU Extension advisor to the Christian County Master Gardeners, at (417) 581-3558, to add your name to the list for the 2014 class, yet to be scheduled.
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45th Monett Beef Conference is Feb. 18

Contact: Eldon Cole, livestock specialist
Headquartered in Lawrence County
Tel: (417) 466-3102
E-mail: colee@missouri.edu

MT. VERNON, Mo. -- Liability insurance for farmers, hay feeding waste, beef cow herd expansion and how to improve the bottom line are all speaker topics planned for the 45th Annual Monett Beef Cattlemen’s Conference that begins at 3:30 p.m., Feb. 18 at the Monett National Guard Armory.

The conference opens with a trade show at 3:30 p.m.  Vendors from a variety of beef and farm related businesses will be set up to explain what they offer to the beef cattle producer.

Featured speakers include Todd Schubert, Farm Bureau Insurance, Monett; Dr. Justin Sexten, University of Missouri Extension beef nutrition specialist, Columbia; Dr. Scott Brown, University of Missouri Extension agricultural economist, Columbia; and Wesley Tucker, University of Missouri Extension agricultural business specialist, Bolivar.

Prior to the chili supper at 6 p.m., Jim McCann of Miller, president of the Missouri Cattlemen’s Association, will up-date the audience on activities of the MCA.  Supper will be prepared and served by the Southwest Missouri Cattlemen’s Association.  Members donate chili from their own recipes and it’s carefully blended on site by Dr. Charles and Gwen Dake of Miller.

The conference is a cooperative effort of the Monett Chamber of Commerce, Southwest Missouri Cattlemen’s Association, University of Missouri Extension and trade show exhibitors.  Pre-registration is not necessary but a $5 per person registration will be collected at sign in.

Details on the program may be obtained from the Monett Chamber of Commerce 417-235-7919 or University of Missouri Extension at 417-466-3102.
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Lime is Important Additive for Field, Pasture

Contact: Jill Scheidt, agronomy specialist

Headquartered at Barton County Extension Center

Tel: (417) 682-3579

E-mail: scheidtjk@missouri.edu

LAMAR, MO. -- Lime is one of the most important additives a producer can apply to a field or pasture according to Jill Scheidt, agronomy specialist with University of Missouri Extension.

“Lime is a soil conditioner that allows other nutrients to become more available through optimizing the soil pH. Taking a representative soil sample is key to receiving accurate soil test results which are the first step in correcting soil pH,” said Scheidt.

Soil samples should be taken every three to five years. Between 10 to 20, six-inch deep cores should be collected from every field. Producers should avoid sampling soon after fertilizing, liming or applying manure. Nutrient availability in soil can fluctuate with soil moisture.

“Sampling at the same time of year will provide more consistent soil test results. In pastures, avoid sampling within 150 feet of shade areas, watering points and field edges, where livestock may congregate and crop field’s end,” said Scheidt.

GRADING LIME

Lime is graded according to the effective neutralizing material (ENM). Most lime companies in southwest Missouri have an ENM ranging from 400 to 450.  The finer the lime is ground, the higher the ENM. Finer grinding of limestone improves breakdown and speeds reaction with the soil to change pH levels.

“Limestone is more effective when incorporated in soil because it is not very water soluble so it reacts slowly with soil,” said Scheidt.

According to Scheidt, priority on a limited fertilizer budget should go to correcting soil pH through liming. Lime increases the efficiency of fertilizers like phosphorus and many micronutrients, by increasing their availability to the plant.

“Soil structure, microbial activity, activity of soil incorporated herbicide applications and legume persistence are all improved with a proper soil pH,” said Scheidt.

The ideal pH range for cool-season grasses is 5.5-7.0; for legumes 6.0-7.5; for row crops 6.0-6.5.

ACID SOIL

Many common fertilizers acidify the soil but the impact on soil pH is relatively small.  For example, nitrogen fertilizers have long been known to acidify the soil. According to John Lory, MU Plant Sciences, it takes about 180 pounds of calcium carbonate to neutralize 100 pounds of nitrogen added as anhydrous ammonia.

At this rate, less than 1 ton/acre of pure lime is needed every 5 years, to offset an application of 200 pounds/acre/year of nitrogen. If producers have a corn-soybean rotation, only 1 ton per acre of lime is needed every 10 years to offset that same nitrogen application.

“Nitrogen fertilizers vary in their ability to acidify the soil.  Ammonium sulfate is the most acidifying nitrogen fertilizer; the impact of urea will be similar to anhydrous ammonia,” said Scheidt.

Given the slow effects of fertilizers like nitrogen on soil pH, the best way to manage acidification by fertilizers is to monitor soil pH using soil testing. 

“Sampling fields every three to five years will allow you to monitor trends in soil such as soil pH and identify fields where soil pH is close to dropping below optimum,” said Scheidt.

For more information, contact any of these MU Extension agronomy specialists in southwest Missouri: Tim Schnakenberg in Stone County, (417) 357-6812; Jill Scheidt in Barton County, (417) 682-3579; John Hobbs in McDonald County, (417) 223-4775 or Sarah Kenyon in Texas County, (417) 967-4545.

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National Beef Champs! Lawrence County 4-H Livestock Judging Team Wins Beef Category, Places 5th Overall at Western National

Contact: Karla Deaver, 4-H youth development specialist
Headquartered in Lawrence County
Tel: (417) 466-3102
E-mail: deaverk@missouri.edu

MT. VERNON, Mo. -- The Lawrence County 4-H Livestock Judging team came home with honors from the 2014 Western National Round-up Livestock Contest held Jan. 11 in Denver, Colorado.

According to Karla Deaver, 4-H youth development specialist with University of Missouri Extension, the team won the beef division by averaging 49 points on 4 classes and averaging 45.4 points on two sets of reasons in the species.  The team placed fifth overall in a field of 24 teams.

“This team really put it all together in beef at the contest,” said Deaver.  “All four team members were in the top 20 of the division, and three were in the top ten.  They saw the classes really well, and did a great job with their oral reasons.  Coach Jim Spencer, Jr., did a great job preparing this young team for national competition.”

TEAM MEMBERS

Tori Armstrong, Hayden Fisher, Colton Spencer and Ty Whittaker were the high team in the beef division, fifth in oral reasons, sixth in swine and tenth in sheep.

Spencer, son of Jim and Janella Spencer of Aurora, was 8th high individual in the contest, and was 2nd high individual in beef.  He was also eighth in goats and 9th in swine and oral reasons.

Fisher, the daughter of Devin Fisher of Aurora, was fourth high individual in beef and 21st individual in sheep, oral reasons, and overall.

Whittaker, the son of Lyle and Jania Whittaker of Miller, was 16th high individual in beef.  Armstrong, the daughter of Mark and Marla Armstrong of Aurora, was 7th high individual in beef.

Contestants placed four beef, one goat, two sheep and three swine classes and gave six sets of oral reasons.  The team is coached by Lawrence County 4-H volunteer, Jim Spencer, Jr.

The Lawrence County 4-H Livestock Judging Team is supported by Southwest Missouri Cattlemen’s Association, Robert E. “Bud” and Betty Hertzog, FCS Financial, Missouri Cattlemen’s Association, and Missouri Farm Bureau in partnership with the Missouri 4-H Foundation.

Residents of southwest Missouri contact any of these 4-H youth development specialists for  information: Karla Deaver in Lawrence County at (417) 466-3102; Velynda Cameron in Polk County at (417) 326-4916; Bob McNary in Jasper County at (417) 358-2158; Amy Patillo in Howell County at (417) 256-2391; or Jeremy Elliott-Engel in Newton County at (417) 455-9500.
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PHOTO AVAILABLE: An original photo of team members and their coach with competition ribbons can be downloaded for free from the regional MU Extension photo library at http://www.flickr.com/MUExtension417. The direct link to photo is http://www.flickr.com/photos/muextension417/11953479443/

Free Tax Preparation Sites Open January 27 in Taney County; Begin Setting Your Appointment Now

Contact: Nellie Lamers, family financial education specialist
Headquartered in Taney County
Tel: (417) 546-4431
E-mail: lamersn@missouri.edu

FORSYTH, Mo. -- University of Missouri Extension's Taney County Volunteer Income Tax Assistance sites will be open starting Jan. 27 according to the following schedule for 2014:
• Mondays and Tuesdays, Taney County OACAC,  9:30 a.m. – 3:30 p.m., 610 S. Sixth St., Branson;
• Tuesdays, OTC- Hollister, 9:30 a.m. – 3:30 p.m., 10698 Historic Hwy 165, Hollister ; and
• Taney County MU Extension Center, Wednesdays, 8:30 a.m. – 1:00 p.m., 122 Felkins Avenue, Forsyth.

SET APPOINTMENT

Beginning Jan 15, call 888-504-0443 to make an appointment for free tax preparation.

Who can get free tax preparation and the Earned Income Credit? Taxpayers with an AGI of $52,000 or less can get free tax preparation. Families meeting additional requirements are eligible for a credit of up to $6,044.

Volunteers are not trained to do business taxes, itemized taxes or capital gains and losses.  If you have any of these you should see a paid preparer.

WHAT TO BRING

Want your taxes prepared for free? Be sure to bring the following items: Social Security cards for you, your spouse, and each of your dependent children; Form W-2 for every job you or your spouse worked in 2013; a voided personal check, if you want your refund directly deposited; and your 2012 tax return (optional).

In 2013, did you receive unemployment compensation? Bring your Form 1099G.

Did you pay for child care? Bring the total you paid for child care expenses and the name, address, and Tax ID/Social Security Number of the child care provider.

Did you pay student loan interest? Bring the total of the student loan interest you paid.

Did you pay for tuition? Bring Form 1098 for you, your spouse, and/or dependent children.

Or did you receive retirement income? Then bring your 1099R.

PROGRAM PARTNERS

University of Missouri Extension - Taney County partners with the Taney County Commissioners, White River Electric Cooperative- Operation Round UP, Healthy Families Taskforce of Stone and Taney Counties, Taney County OACAC and OTC- Hollister to provide this service and financial education to the citizens and residents of Taney County.

University of Missouri Extension programs focus on the high-priority needs of Missourians. Each county extension center, with oversight by locally elected and appointed citizens, is your local link to practical education on almost anything.
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Free Tax Preparation Sites to Open in Stone County January 29; Begin Setting Your Appointment Now

Contact: Nellie Lamers, family financial education specialist
Headquartered in Taney County
Tel: (417) 546-4431
E-mail: lamersn@missouri.edu

FORSYTH, Mo. -- University of Missouri Extension's Stone County Volunteer Income Tax Assistance sites will be open starting Jan. 29 according to the following schedule for 2014:
• Wednesdays, Stone County Annex, 9:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m., 106 East 5th Street, Galena; and
• Thursdays, Stone Co. Neighborhood Center (OACAC), 9:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m., 10944 East Hwy 76- Lower Level, Branson West.
     
SET APPOINTMENT

Beginning Jan 15, call 888-504-0443 to make an appointment for free tax preparation.

Who can get free tax preparation and the Earned Income Credit? Taxpayers with an AGI of $52,000 or less can get free tax preparation. Families meeting additional requirements are eligible for a credit of up to $6,044.

Volunteers are not trained to do business taxes, itemized taxes or capital gains and losses.  If you have any of these you should see a paid preparer.

WHAT TO BRING

Want your taxes prepared for free? Be sure to bring the following items: Social Security cards for you, your spouse, and each of your dependent children; Form W-2 for every job you or your spouse worked in 2013; a voided personal check, if you want your refund directly deposited; and your 2012 tax return (optional).

In 2013, did you receive unemployment compensation? Bring your Form 1099G.

Did you pay for child care? Bring the total you paid for child care expenses and the name, address, and Tax ID/Social Security Number of the child care provider.

Did you pay student loan interest? Bring the total of the student loan interest you paid.

Did you pay for tuition? Bring Form 1098 for you, your spouse, and/or dependent children.

Or did you receive retirement income? Then bring your 1099R.

PROGRAM PARTNERS

University of Missouri Extension partners with the Stone County Commissioners, White River Electric Cooperative- Operation Round UP, Healthy Families Taskforce of Stone and Taney Counties, Taney County OACAC and OTC- Hollister to provide this service and financial education to the citizens and residents of Stone County.

University of Missouri Extension programs focus on the high-priority needs of Missourians. Each county extension center, with oversight by locally elected and appointed citizens, is your local link to practical education on almost anything.
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